SUTET

Evaluasi Nilai Setting Rele Jarak Sebagai Proteksi Saluran Udara Tegangan Tinggi 150 KV Menggunakan DigSilent Power Factor

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The electric power system is a complex system, it needs to be maintained so the system can run optimally. Many factors can interference the transmission and distribution system process from sources (power plant) to consumers. In order to maintain the reliability and security of the transmission line, a protection system is needed. The protection system must work in its working area and not overlaping each other. The protection system that commonly used to secure the transmission line is distance relay. The working principle of the distance relay is sensing the impedance and dividing the impedance into several zones so the relay can works simultinously with other relays. This study uses a quantitative method to collect data, simulate them, and compare the relay setting result with IEEE Standard. In this case, the result of the calculation of the zone impedance value in zone-1 is 2.562 ohms, zone-2 is 4.611 ohms and zone-3 is 7.852 ohms. The simulation results show that these settings correspond with the IEEE C37.113.2015 standard and work selectively in their respective zones.

Perancangan Isolator Berbahan Dasar Cangkang Telur Sebagai Pengganti Kwarts dan Veld Spaat pada Isolator Padat

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Electricity problems in Indonesia, including limited funds, create difficulties for Indonesia to improve the business environment to make it more conducive. Insulators as key components in various industrial and engineering applications often face obstacles in the form of high costs and significant weight. One of the raw materials for making conventional insulators is feldspar and quartz mineral rocks which are included in the non-renewable group. One material that can replace this mineral rock is eggshell. Eggshells contain calcium and phosphate which are also found in feldspar. In this research we used quantitative methods which included tool design and testing tools. Testing consists of testing for penetration resistance, mechanical strength, and weather resistance. The result is that the eggshell insulator has quite good insulating properties, and decent resistance to electric current, where the test results show a figure of 80kV. Based on SPLN Number 475.K/DIR/2010 which regulates the standard for the use of insulators, the minimum breakdown voltage limit is 25kV, so it can It is said that this eggshell insulator design can replace conventional insulators.

Optimalisasi Penggantian kWh Meter Bermasalah Dalam Upaya Penurunan Susut Non Teknis di PT PLN (Persero) ULP Pacet

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Dull, old, damaged, or clogged kWh meters that still exist in the work area of PT PLN (Persero) ULP Pacet cause inaccuracies in measuring and reading kWh meter values, as well as inability to read meters and failure to record kWh meter values. By replacing the kWh meter, the problem can be prevented. This replacement is only necessary for old kWh meters that do not function properly by replacing the new kWh meters with the use of more accurate measurements. After replacement, there will be no measurement inaccuracies in the amount of energy used, errors in reading indicator values, or inability to read kWh meters when they have been replaced periodically.

Rancang Bangun Kalibrator Suhu Dengan Sensor Thermocouple Multi Channel (6 Channel) Berbasis Internet of Things (IoT)

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Alat ukur adalah instrumen yang dapat digunakan untuk menilai suatu objek atau benda dengan parameter tertentu. Sebagai contoh, Thermometer dapat digunakan untuk mengukur suhu atau perubahan suhu. Dalam penggunaannya, hampir semua alat ukur cenderung mengalami sejumlah kesalahan yang beragam, oleh karena itu, diperlukan alat kalibrasi untuk memastikan bahwa nilai yang diukur oleh alat tersebut telah diverifikasi dengan benar. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut penulis merancang sebuah alat ukur yang dapat mengukur perubahan suhu. Alat ini berbasis ESP32-S3 dan dengan menggunakan sensor Thermocouple Type-K untuk mendeteksi suhu, serta modul MAX6675 sebagai konversi dari perubahan suhu tersebut. Hasil perubahan suhu ditampilkan pada LCD 20x4 dan dapat dimonitoring melalui aplikasi Blynk di perangkat Android. Metode penelitian yang diterapkan merupakan suatu pengembangan produk atau Research and Development (R&D), dengan tujuan yang jelas yaitu mengembangkan atau meningkatkan alat yang sebelumnya telah dibuat. Penelitian yang digunakan memiliki tahapan meliputi analisa kebutuhan, perancangan sistem, pengembangan, dan pengujian terhadap alat. Berdasarkan data hasil pengukuran suhu, setiap pengukuran masih berada dalam batas toleransi, dengan nilai rata-rata selisih Kesalahan antara alat pembanding dengan alat yang dibuat (Error) sebesar 0,4 dan nilai rata-rata Persentase Kesalahan (% Error) sebesar 2,2%. Oleh karena itu, perangkat atau alat yang telah dikembangkan mampu berfungsi dengan baik.

Analisa Pengaruh Pandemic Covid 19 Terhadap Konsumsi Energi Listrik di Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan Dengan Metode Regresi dan Korelasi Linear Sederhana

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The level of electricity consumption in an area is affected by population growth and the COVID-19 pandemic. Forecasting electrical energy consumption is one of the important things. Using data from the past, the purpose of forecasting electrical energy consumption is to get an idea of how much electricity will be needed in the future. Therefore, it is necessary to do so in order to forecast the demand for electrical energy, especially in the province of South Sulawesi. This research was conducted to predict electrical energy sold during the 3 years of the Covid-19 pandemic and compare with calculations from PLN and BPS. This study used a simple linear regression method, and a simple linear correlation. With linear regression, it is found that the number of inhabitants has a positive influence on the amount of energy sold. With the T Test obtained RU_t= 18,326 is greater than the limit value of t_cr= 3.182, then Ho = 0 is rejected. So there is a relationship between the increase in population and the consumption of electrical energy. With a linear correlation obtained that between 0.80-1.00 is the value of the correlation coefficient, this means that the correlation is very strong that the population is very influential on the consumption of electrical energy in the province of South Sulawesi.

Metode Smart Monitoring Transformator: Studi Literature

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Transformator daya adalah komponen vital dalam sistem tenaga listrik, memastikan distribusi energi yang efisien dari gardu induk ke konsumen. Namun, kegagalantransformator, terutama dalam distribusi seringkali disebabkan oleh beban berlebih, kurangnya pemantauanm dan faktor-faktor lingkungan. Untuk mengatasi tantangan ini, berbagai metode pemantauan dan evaluasi kesehatantransformator telah dikaji, termasuk teknik seperti pemantauan IoT, logika fuzzy, machine learning, dan pendekatan kecerdasan buatan hybrid. Tulisan ini menyajikan analisis mendalam tentang metode-metode ini, membandingkan kelebihan dan kekurangannya dalam pemantauan transformator distribusi. Melalui literatur review, penekanan diberikan pada pentingnya teknologi terkini, seperti IoT, cloud, dan AI, dalam meningkatkan pemantauan real-time, menekankan perlunya solusi pemantauan yang handal namun berbiaya rendah. Dengan fokus pada teknologi masa depan, tulisan ini merangkum kebutuhan akan solusi pemantauan yang terjangkau dan canggih untuk menjaga kesehatantransformator dalam jaringan distribusi tenaga listrik.

Analisis Perhitungan Emisi Karbon Dalam Perdagangan Listrik di PLTU 2×300 MW

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Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU) sebagai penopang utama kebutuhan energi listrik dan sumber utama emisi gas rumah kaca (GRK), terutama CO₂, yang berperan dalam perubahan iklim global. Fokus penelitian ditujukan pada analisis emisi karbon dari PLTU Cilacap di Jawa Tengah, Indonesia, sebagai respons terhadap kebijakan pajak CO₂ yang baru. Metode penelitian melibatkan pengumpulan data operasional PLTU, presentasi hasil perhitungan Gas Rumah Kaca (GRK), dan estimasi pajak CO₂ dari PLTU tersebut. Penggunaan metode Tier 1, Tier 2, dan Tier 3 bertujuan untuk menunjukkan konsistensi data sesuai dengan teori perhitungan yang di terbitkan pemerintah. Hasil analisis untuk emisi Unit 2×300 MW menunjukan hasil yang akurat dan presentasi surplus, sekaligus mencapai pendapatan yang signifikan. Hasil presentasi bisa dilihat nilai keseluruhan 59% bisa disimpulkan masih bisa memenuhi dibawah cap emisi yang ditetapkan oleh batas emisi PT-BAE-PU Dirjen ketenagalistrikan. Semua ini tergantung pada progres tahunan yang akan terealisasi pada tahun 2023. Keberhasilan implementasi sistem perdagangan emisi GRK (ETS) diidentifikasi sebagai kunci dalam upaya mengurangi emisi CO₂. Dengan diberlakukannya pajak karbon, diharapkan pengurangan emisi CO₂ dapat mencapai komitmen Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) dengan target penurunan sebesar 29% pada tahun 2030 di Indonesia.

Pemodelan Sistem Pembumian Pada Gardu Induk 150 KV Tayan, Kalimantan Barat Menggunakan Grid Analysis Cymgrd

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The development of the electricity system of the 150 kV Tayan Substation in West Kalimantan, which will form a 2 line bay extension in the direction of Sandai, is a development plan for the development of a transmission system in West Kalimantan. Substation development includes preconstruction stages, earthing system planning which aims to plan the extension earthing system and influence on the existing earthing system. The research method used is a quantitative method accompanied by an experimental planning for the development of an electrical system using the earthing value planning method with Cymgrd Grounding software based on calculation data according to IEEE Std 80 standards. Planning of the extension grounding system is carried out using a grid distance of 5 m, type. The results of the study, planning an extension earthing system with a grid distance of 5 meters connected to existing with the use of more efficient earthing conductors and a 150 kV Tayan Substation earthing system decreased the earthing resistance value by 11.40% from the value of 0.456 ohms to 0.404 Ohms, for touch voltage with a limitation of 828.81 V there was a decrease of 15.92% from the maximum touch voltage value of 774.01 Volt to 650.82 Volt and for step voltage with a limitation of 2967.23 V there was a decrease in the maximum stroke voltage by 14.31% from 615.09 Volt to 527.08 V so that based on these results the earthing system at GI 150 kV tayan became better and safer for systems, equipment and people.

Dampak Beroperasi Gardu Induk 500 KV Durikosambi Pada Subsistem Gandul-Muarakarang-Kembangan Terhadap Biaya Pokok Produksi

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The DKI Jakarta and Banten Load Management Implementation Unit is one of the load control areas in the Java Bali system which participates in load regulation and has 10 subsystems. However, in the current conditions, the Gandul 1.3 - Muarakarang - Kembangan 2 subsystem has several system vulnerabilities. the most transmitted is on the Durikosambi-Kembangan cable channel which has an OCR setting of 1100 A (800 A limitation related to cable capacity and cable age factor at the request of the asset owner). This channel is the main route connecting the Muarakarang generator with IBT Gandul and IBT Kembangan2. For the Durikosambi IBT defense setting scheme, it uses the setting pattern that was previously applied to the Durikosambi-Kembangan SKTT with the same load target, only commissioning from the Durikosambi-Kembangan SKTT to Durikosambi IBT 1 and 2, with it being two new subsystems, there is no need to worry anymore about taking on Durikosambi-Kembangan SKTT so that electricity services can be optimal and the No Outage Zone can be maintained properly. With the operation of GISTET Durikosambi, the operational pattern for the Muarakarang Power Plant has changed, namely Muarakarang Block 1 and PLTU Muarakarang 4-5 can be positioned on standby (Reserve Shutdown). So the generating unit operating is only in Muarakarang Block 2 with an assumed operating pattern of an average of 680 MW in 24 hours

Rancang Bangun Optimasi Kontrol PID Metode Ciancone untuk Meningkatkan Stabilitas Suhu Dry Bath Incubator

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat alat dry bath incubator dengan kontrol PID metode Ciancone yang akan diujikan pada nilai setpoint 60 ⁰C. Alat ini digunakan untuk menginkubasi sampel pada suhu tertentu dan mengukur sejauh mana masing-masing metode dapat memberikan tingkat presisi dan stabilitas yang diinginkan. Analisis kuantitatif dilakukan untuk membandingkan performa metode, termasuk evaluasi waktu penstabilan, tingkat overshoot, dan respons sistem terhadap perubahan setpoint. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kendali PID dengan tunning metode Ciancone pada alat dry bath incubator ini lebih baik bila dibandingkan dengan kendali P dan kendali PI, yang mana kendali PID memiliki respon untuk menuju rise time dengan waktu 57 detik sedangkan kendali P dan kendali PI memerlukan waktu 203 detik dan 67 detik. Secara umum alat ini sudah bekerja sesuai yang diharapkan dan diperlukan pengembangan untuk nilai respon yang lebih presisi.